Publications

2020

S100A8/A9 regulates CD11b expression and neutrophil recruitment during chronic tuberculosis.
Scott NR, Swanson RV, Al-Hammadi N, Domingo-Gonzalez R, Rangel-Moreno J, Kriel BA, Bucsan AN, Das S, Ahmed M, Mehra S, Treerat P, Cruz-Lagunas A, Jimenez-Alvarez L, Muñoz-Torrico M, Bobadilla-Lozoya K, Vogl T, Walzl G, du Plessis N, Kaushal D, Scriba T, Zuñiga J, Khader S. J Clin Invest. 2020 Mar 5. pii: 130546. doi: 10.1172/JCI130546.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and myeloid-derived suppressor cells: Insights into caveolin rich lipid rafts..
Kotzé LA, Young C, Leukes VN, John V, Fang Z, Walzl G, Lutz MB, du Plessis N. EBioMedicine. 2020 Feb 26;53:102670. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102670.
Quantitative 18F-FDG PET-CT scan characteristics correlate with tuberculosis treatment response..
Malherbe ST, Chen RY, Dupont P, Kant I, Kriel M, Loxton AG, Smith B, Beltran CGG, van Zyl S, McAnda S, Abrahams C, Maasdorp E, Doruyter A, Via LE, Barry CE 3rd, Alland D, Richards SG, Ellman A, Peppard T, Belisle J, Tromp G, Ronacher K, Warwick JM, Winter J, Walzl G. EJNMMI Res. 2020 Feb 10;10(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s13550-020-0591-9.

2019

Caveolin-1 Controls Vesicular TLR2 Expression, p38 Signaling and T Cell Suppression in BCG Infected Murine Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells.
John V, Kotze LA, Ribechini E, Walzl G, Du Plessis N, Lutz MB. Front Immunol. 2019 Dec 3;10:2826. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02826.
Therapeutic host-directed strategies to improve outcome in tuberculosis.
Young C, Walzl G, Du Plessis N. Mucosal Immunol. 2019 Nov 26. doi: 10.1038/s41385-019-0226-5.
The gut microbiome in tuberculosis susceptibility and treatment response: guilty or not guilty?
Eribo OA, du Plessis N, Ozturk M, Guler R, Walzl G, Chegou NN. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2019 Nov 15. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03370-4.
Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Peripheral Blood Supernatants of South African Patients with Syphilitic and Herpetic Uveitis.
Andreae CD, Smit DP, Makhoba NS, Kidd M, Walzl G, Chegou NN. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2019 Nov 7:1-9. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2019.1674341.
Time-Dependent Changes in Urinary Metabolome Before and After Intensive Phase Tuberculosis Therapy: A Pharmacometabolomics Study.
Combrink M, du Preez I, Ronacher K, Walzl G, Loots DT. OMICS. 2019 Nov;23(11):560-572. doi: 10.1089/omi.2019.0140.
Guidance for Studies Evaluating the Accuracy of Biomarker-Based Nonsputum Tests to Diagnose Tuberculosis.
Drain PK, Gardiner J, Hannah H, Broger T, Dheda K, Fielding K, Walzl G, Kaforou M, Kranzer K, Joosten SA, Gilpin C, Weyer K, Denkinger CM, Schumacher SG. J Infect Dis. 2019 Oct 8;220(Supplement_3):S108-S115. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz356.
Potential of Host Serum Protein Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis in Children.
Manyelo CM, Solomons RS, Snyders CI, Mutavhatsindi H, Manngo PM, Stanley K, Walzl G, Chegou NN. Front Pediatr. 2019 Sep 25;7:376. doi: 10.3389/fped.2019.00376.
Prospective evaluation of host biomarkers other than interferon gamma in QuantiFERON Plus supernatants as candidates for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in symptomatic individuals.
Manngo PM, Gutschmidt A, Snyders CI, Mutavhatsindi H, Manyelo CM, Makhoba NS, Ahlers P, Hiemstra A, Stanley K, McAnda S, Kidd M, Malherbe ST, Walzl G, Chegou NN. J Infect. 2019 Sep;79(3):228-235. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.07.007.
Distinct serum biosignatures are associated with different tuberculosis treatment outcomes.
Ronacher K, Chegou NN, Kleynhans L, Djoba Siawaya JF, du Plessis N, Loxton AG, Maasdorp E, Tromp G, Kidd M, Stanley K, Kriel M, Menezes A, Gutschmidt A, van der Spuy GD, Warren RM, Dietze R, Okwera A, Thiel B, Belisle JT, Cliff JM, Boom WH, Johnson JL, van Helden PD, Dockrell HM, Walzl G. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2019 Sep;118:101859. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2019.101859.
Detection of Tuberculosis Recurrence, Diagnosis and Treatment Response by a Blood Transcriptomic Risk Signature in HIV-Infected Persons on Antiretroviral Therapy.
Darboe F, Mbandi SK, Naidoo K, Yende-Zuma N, Lewis L, Thompson EG, Duffy FJ, Fisher M, Filander E, van Rooyen M, Bilek N, Mabwe S, McKinnon LR, Chegou N, Loxton A, Walzl G, Tromp G, Padayatchi N, Govender D, Hatherill M, Karim SA, Zak DE, Penn-Nicholson A, Scriba TJ; SATVI Clinical Immunology Team. Front Microbiol. 2019 Jun 26;10:1441. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01441.
Heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis prime-boost vaccination induces myeloid-derived suppressor cells with spleen dendritic cell-killing capability.
Ribechini E, Eckert I, Beilhack A, Du Plessis N, Walzl G, Schleicher U, Ritter U, Lutz MB. JCI Insight. 2019 Jun 4;5. pii: 128664. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.128664.
The Emerging Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Tuberculosis.
Magcwebeba T, Dorhoi A, du Plessis N. Front Immunol. 2019 Apr 30;10:917. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00917.
Regulatory B lymphocytes: development and modulation of the host immune response during disease.
Moore DK , Loxton AG . Immunotherapy. 2019 Jun;11(8):691-704. doi: 10.2217/imt-2018-0185.
Bcells and their regulatory functions during Tuberculosis: Latency and active disease.
Loxton AG . Mol Immunol. 2019 May 1;111:145-151. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.04.012
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) supports Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival in macrophages by inducing lysosomal dysfunction.
Vrieling F, Wilson L, Rensen PCN, Walzl G , Ottenhoff THM, Joosten SA. PLoS Pathog. 2019 Apr 18;15(4):e1007724. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007724
Discovery and validation of a prognostic proteomic signature for tuberculosis progression: A prospective cohort study .
Penn-Nicholson A, Hraha T, Thompson EG, Sterling D, Mbandi SK, Wall KM, Fisher M, Suliman S, Shankar S, Hanekom WA, Janjic N, Hatherill M, Kaufmann SHE, Sutherland J, Walzl G , De Groote MA, Ochsner U, Zak DE, Scriba TJ; ACS and GC6–74 cohort study groups. PLoS Med. 2019 Apr 16;16(4):e1002781. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002781
Diabetes mellitus among pulmonary tuberculosis patients from four TB-endemic countries: the TANDEM study.
Ugarte-Gil C, Alisjahbana B, Ronacher K, Riza AL, Koesoemadinata RC, Malherbe ST, Cioboata R, Llontop JC, Kleynhans L, Lopez S, Santoso P, Marius C, Villaizan K, Ruslami R, Walzl G , Panduru NM, Dockrell HM, Hill PC, Mc Allister S, Pearson F, Moore DAJ, Critchley JA, van Crevel R; TANDEM Consortium. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Apr 8. pii: ciz284. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz284
The level of the endoplasmic reticulum stress chaperone protein, binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), decreases following successful tuberculosis treatment.
Motaung B, Walzl G, Loxton AG . Int J Infect Dis. 2019 Apr;81:198-202. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.030
Immunometabolic Signatures Predict Risk of Progression to Active Tuberculosis and Disease Outcome.
Duffy FJ, Weiner J 3rd, Hansen S, Tabb DL, Suliman S, Thompson E, Maertzdorf J, Shankar S, Tromp G, Parida S, Dover D, Axthelm MK, Sutherland JS, Dockrell HM, Ottenhoff THM, Scriba TJ, Picker LJ, Walzl G, Kaufmann SHE, Zak DE; GC6-74 Consortium. Front Immunol. 2019 Mar 22;10:527. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00527
The microbiome and tuberculosis: state of the art, potential applications, and defining the clinical research agenda.
Naidoo CC, Nyawo GR, Wu BG, Walzl G, Warren RM, Segal LN, Theron G. Lancet Respir Med. 2019 Mar 22. pii: S2213-2600(18)30501-0. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30501-0
Isolation of B-cells using Miltenyi MACS bead isolation kits.
Moore DK , Motaung B , du Plessis N , Shabangu AN , Loxton AG , SU-IRG Consortium. PLoS One. 2019 Mar 20;14(3):e0213832. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213832
Elucidation of a Human Urine Metabolite as a Seryl-Leucine Glycopeptide and as a Biomarker of Effective Anti-Tuberculosis Therapy.
Fitzgerald BL, Islam MN, Graham B, Mahapatra S, Webb K, Boom WH, Malherbe ST, Joloba ML, Johnson JL, Winter J, Walzl G, Belisle JT. ACS. Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 8;5(3):353-364. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00241
Effect of binding immunoglobulin protein on induction of regulatory B cells with killer phenotype during inflammation and disease.
Motaung B, Loxton AG. Future Sci OA. 2019 Mar 5;5(3):FSO379. doi: 10.4155/fsoa-2018-0121
Moving toward Tuberculosis Elimination. Critical Issues for Research in Diagnostics and Therapeutics for Tuberculosis Infection.
Keshavjee S, Amanullah F, Cattamanchi A, Chaisson R, Dobos KM, Fox GJ, Gendelman HE, Gordon R, Hesseling A, Le Van H, Kampmann B, Kana B, Khuller G, Lewinsohn DM, Lewinsohn DA, Lin PL, Lu LL, Maartens G, Owen A, Protopopova M, Rengarajan J, Rubin E, Salgame P, Schurr E, Seddon JA, Swindells S, Tobin DM, Udwadia Z, Walzl G, Srinivasan S, Rustomjee R, Nahid P. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Mar 1;199(5):564-571. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201806-1053PP
Point of care HbA1c level for diabetes mellitus management and its accuracy among tuberculosis patients: a study in four countries.
Huangfu P, Laurence YV, Alisjahbana B, Ugarte-Gil C, Riza AL, Walzl G, Ruslami R, Moore DAJ, Ioana M, McAllister S, Ronacher K, Koesoemadinata RC, Grint D, Kerry S, Coronel J, Malherbe ST, Griffiths U, Dockrell HM, Hill PC, van Crevel R, Pearson F, Critchley JA. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019 Mar 1;23(3):283-292. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0359
Long-Term Impact of Neonatal Intake of Oleanolic Acid on the Expression of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase, Adiponectin and Inflammatory Cytokines in Rats Fed with a High Fructose Diet.
Matumba MG, Ayeleso AO, Nyakudya T, Erlwanger K, Chegou NN, Mukwevho E. Nutrients. 2019 Jan 22;11(2). pii: E226. doi: 10.3390/nu11020226
Diagnostic accuracy of ESAT-6 free IGRA compared to QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-tube.
Nemes E, Abrahams D, Scriba TJ, Ratangee F, Keyser A, Makhethe L, Erasmus M, Mabwe S, Bilek N, Rozot V, Geldenhuys H, Hatherill M, Lempicki MD, Holm LL, Bogardus L, Ginsberg AM, Blauenfeldt T, Smith B, Ellis RD, Loxton AG, Walzl G, Andersen P, Ruhwald M. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Jan 21. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz034

2018

A pilot study evaluating the utility of commercially available antibodies for flow cytometric analysis of Panthera species lymphocytes.
Sylvester TT, Parsons SDC, van Helden PD, Miller MA, Loxton AG . BMC Vet Res. 2018 Dec 19;14(1):410. doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1717-4.
Metabolite changes in blood predict the onset of tuberculosis.
Weiner J 3rd, Maertzdorf J, Sutherland JS, Duffy FJ, Thompson E, Suliman S, McEwen G, Thiel B, Parida SK, Zyla J, Hanekom WA, Mohney RP, Boom WH, Mayanja-Kizza H, Howe R, Dockrell HM, Ottenhoff THM, Scriba TJ, Zak DE, Walzl G , Kaufmann SHE; GC6-74 consortium.Nat Commun. 2018 Dec 6;9(1):5208. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07635-7
Diabetes screen during tuberculosis contact investigations highlights opportunity for new diabetes diagnosis and reveals metabolic differences between ethnic groups.
Restrepo BI, Kleynhans L, Salinas AB, Abdelbary B, Tshivhula H, Aguillón-Durán GP, Kunsevi-Kilola C, Salinas G, Stanley K, Malherbe ST, Maasdorp E, Garcia-Viveros M, Louw I, Garcia-Oropesa EM, Lopez-Alvarenga JC, Prins JB, Walzl G , Schlesinger LS, Ronacher K. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2018 Dec;113:10-18. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2018.08.007
Accuracy of diabetes screening methods used for people with tuberculosis, Indonesia, Peru, Romania, South Africa.
Grint D, Alisjhabana B, Ugarte-Gil C, Riza AL, Walzl G, Pearson F, Ruslami R, Moore DAJ, Ioana M, McAllister S, Ronacher K, Koeseomadinata RC, Kerry-Barnard SR, Coronel J, Malherbe ST, Dockrell HM, Hill PC, Van Crevel R, Critchley JA; TANDEM consortium. Bull World Health Organ. 2018 Nov 1;96(11):738-749. doi: 10.2471/BLT.17.206227
Complement Component C1q as Serum Biomarker to Detect Active Tuberculosis.
Lubbers R, Sutherland JS, Goletti D, de Paus RA, van Moorsel CHM, Veltkamp M, Vestjens SMT, Bos WJW, Petrone L, Del Nonno F, Bajema IM, Dijkman K, Verreck FAW, Walzl G, Gelderman KA, Groeneveld GH, Geluk A, Ottenhoff THM, Joosten SA, Trouw LA. Front Immunol. 2018 Oct 23;9:2427. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02427
Human Monocytic Suppressive Cells Promote Replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Alter Stability of in vitro Generated Granulomas.
Agrawal N, Streata I, Pei G, Weiner J, Kotze L, Bandermann S, Lozza L, Walzl G, du Plessis N, Ioana M, Kaufmann SHE, Dorhoi A. Front Immunol. 2018 Oct 23;9:2417. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02417
Assessment of Validity of a Blood-Based 3-Gene Signature Score for Progression and Diagnosis of Tuberculosis, Disease Severity, and Treatment Response.
Warsinske HC, Rao AM, Moreira FMF, Santos PCP, Liu AB, Scott M, Malherbe ST, Ronacher K, Walzl G, Winter J, Sweeney TE, Croda J, Andrews JR, Khatri P. JAMA Netw Open. 2018 Oct 5;1(6):e183779. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3779
Modulation of Inflammatory Cytokines and Islet Morphology as Therapeutic Mechanisms of Basella alba in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.
Arokoyo DS, Oyeyipo IP, Du Plessis SS, Chegou NN, Aboua YG. Toxicol Res. 2018 Oct;34(4):325-332. doi: 10.5487/TR.2018.34.4.325
The potential of imaging tools as correlates of infection and disease for new TB vaccine development.
Malherbe ST, Kleynhans L, Walzl G. Semin Immunol. 2018 Oct;39:73-80. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.06.001
Disease characteristics and treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus attending government health services in Indonesia, Peru, Romania and South Africa.
Soetedjo NNM, McAllister SM, Ugarte-Gil C, Firanescu AG, Ronacher K, Alisjahbana B, Costache AL, Zubiate C, Malherbe ST, Koesoemadinata RC, Laurence YV, Pearson F, Kerry-Barnard S, Ruslami R, Moore DAJ, Ioana M, Kleynhans L, Permana H, Hill PC, Mota M, Walzl G, Dockrell HM, Critchley JA, van Crevel R; TANDEM Consortium. Trop Med Int Health. 2018 Oct;23(10):1118-1128. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13137
Translational Potential of Therapeutics Targeting Regulatory Myeloid Cells in Tuberculosis.
du Plessis N, Kotze LA, Leukes V, Walzl G. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018 Sep 21;8:332. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00332
PD-1 Expression on Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific CD4 T Cells Is Associated With Bacterial Load in Human Tuberculosis.
Day CL, Abrahams DA, Bunjun R, Stone L, de Kock M, Walzl G, Wilkinson RJ, Burgers WA, Hanekom WA. Front Immunol. 2018 Aug 31;9:1995. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01995
A multi-cohort study of the immune factors associated with M. tuberculosis infection outcomes.
Roy Chowdhury R, Vallania F, Yang Q, Lopez Angel CJ, Darboe F, Penn-Nicholson A, Rozot V, Nemes E, Malherbe ST, Ronacher K, Walzl G, Hanekom W, Davis MM, Winter J, Chen X, Scriba TJ, Khatri P, Chien YH. Nature. 2018 Aug;560(7720):644-648. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0439-x
Tuberculosis: progress and advances in development of new drugs, treatment regimens, and host-directed therapies.
Tiberi S, du Plessis N, Walzl G, Vjecha MJ, Rao M, Ntoumi F, Mfinanga S, Kapata N, Mwaba P, McHugh TD, Ippolito G, Migliori GB, Maeurer MJ, Zumla A. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 Jul;18(7):e183-e198. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30110-5
Tuberculosis: advances and challenges in development of new diagnostics and biomarkers.
Walzl G, McNerney R, du Plessis N, Bates M, McHugh TD, Chegou NN, Zumla A. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 Jul;18(7):e199-e210. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30111-7
A semi-automatic technique to quantify complex tuberculous lung lesions on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerised tomography images.
Malherbe ST, Dupont P, Kant I, Ahlers P, Kriel M, Loxton AG, Chen RY, Via LE, Thienemann F, Wilkinson RJ, Barry CE 3rd, Griffith-Richards S, Ellman A, Ronacher K, Winter J, Walzl G, Warwick JM; Catalysis Biomarker Consortium. EJNMMI Res. 2018 Jun 25;8(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s13550-018-0411-7
Patients with Concurrent Tuberculosis and Diabetes Have a Pro-Atherogenic Plasma Lipid Profile.
Vrieling F, Ronacher K, Kleynhans L, van den Akker E, Walzl G, Ottenhoff THM, Joosten SA. EBioMedicine. 2018 Jun;32:192-200. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.05.01
Diagnostic Challenge of Tuberculosis Heterogeneity.
Nemes E, Meermeier EW, Scriba TJ, Walzl G, Malherbe ST, Lewinsohn DM. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Jun;39(3):286-296. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1660471
Decreased neutrophil-associated miRNA and increased B-cell associated miRNA expression during tuberculosis.
van Rensburg IC, du Toit L, Walzl G, du Plessis N, Loxton AG. Gene. 2018 May 20;655:35-41. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.052
A Serum Circulating miRNA Signature for Short-Term Risk of Progression to Active Tuberculosis Among Household Contacts.
Duffy FJ, Thompson E, Downing K, Suliman S, Mayanja-Kizza H, Boom WH, Thiel B, Weiner Iii J, Kaufmann SHE, Dover D, Tabb DL, Dockrell HM, Ottenhoff THM, Tromp G, Scriba TJ, Zak DE, Walzl G; GC6-74 Consortium. Front Immunol. 2018 Apr 13;9:661. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00661
Four-gene Pan-African Blood Signature Predicts Progression to Tuberculosis.
Suliman S, Thompson E, Sutherland J, Weiner Rd J, Ota MOC, Shankar S, Penn-Nicholson A, Thiel B, Erasmus M, Maertzdorf J, Duffy FJ, Hill PC, Hughes EJ, Stanley K, Downing K, Fisher ML, Valvo J, Parida SK, van der Spuy G, Tromp G, Adetifa IMO, Donkor S, Howe R, Mayanja-Kizza H, Boom WH, Dockrell H, Ottenhoff THM, Hatherill M, Aderem A, Hanekom WA, Scriba TJ, Kaufmann SH, Zak DE, Walzl G; GC6-74 and ACS cohort study groups. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Apr 6. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201711-2340OC
Considerations for biomarker-targeted intervention strategies for tuberculosis disease prevention.
Fiore-Gartland A, Carpp LN, Naidoo K, Thompson E, Zak DE, Self S, Churchyard G, Walzl G, Penn-Nicholson A, Scriba TJ, Hatherill M. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2018 Mar;109:61-68. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2017.11.009
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes in patients with anterior tuberculosis compared to tobacco related COPD.
Guiedem E, Ikomey GM, Nkenfou C, Walter PE, Mesembe M, Chegou NN, Jacobs GB, Okomo Assoumou MC. BMC Res Notes. 2018 Mar 27;11(1):192. doi: 10.1186/s13104-018-3309-6
B Cells Producing Type I IFN Modulate Macrophage Polarization in Tuberculosis.
Bénard A, Sakwa I, Schierloh P, Colom A, Mercier I, Tailleux L, Jouneau L, Boudinot P, Al-Saati T, Lang R, Rehwinkel J, Loxton AG, Kaufmann SHE, Anton-Leberre V, O'Garra A, Sasiain MDC, Gicquel B, Fillatreau S, Neyrolles O, Hudrisier D. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Mar 15;197(6):801-813. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201707-1475OC
Africa-wide evaluation of host biomarkers in QuantiFERON supernatants for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Chegou NN, Sutherland JS, Namuganga AR, Corstjens PL, Geluk A, Gebremichael G, Mendy J, Malherbe S, Stanley K, van der Spuy GD, Kriel M, Loxton AG, Kriel B, Simukonda F, Bekele Y, Sheehama JA, Nelongo J, van der Vyver M, Gebrexabher A, Hailu H, Esterhuyse MM, Rosenkrands I, Aagard C, Kidd M, Kassa D, Mihret A, Howe R, Cliff JM, Crampin AC, Mayanja-Kizza H, Kaufmann SHE, Dockrell HM, Ottenhoff THM, Walzl G; AE-TBC consortium. Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 8;8(1):2675. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20855-7
Safety and Immunogenicity of Newborn MVA85A Vaccination and Selective, Delayed Bacille Calmette-Guerin for Infants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Mothers: A Phase 2 Randomized, Controlled Trial.
Nemes E, Hesseling AC, Tameris M, Mauff K, Downing K, Mulenga H, Rose P, van der Zalm M, Mbaba S, Van As D, Hanekom WA, Walzl G, Scriba TJ, McShane H, Hatherill M; MVA029 Study Team. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Feb 1;66(4):554-563. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix834
Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Chronic Infections.
Dorhoi A, Du Plessis N. Front Immunol. 2018 Jan 4;8:1895. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01895
Killer (FASL regulatory) B cells are present during latent TB and are induced by BCG stimulation in participants with and without latent tuberculosis.
van Rensburg IC, Loxton AG . Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2018 Jan;108:114-117. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2017.11.010

2017

Predicting tuberculosis treatment outcome using metabolomics.
Luies L, Reenen MV, Ronacher K, Walzl G, Loots DT. Biomark Med. 2017 Dec;11(12):1057-1067. doi: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0133. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
Host blood RNA signatures predict the outcome of tuberculosis treatment.
Thompson EG, Du Y, Malherbe ST, Shankar S, Braun J, Valvo J, Ronacher K, Tromp G, Tabb DL, Alland D, Shenai S, Via LE, Warwick J, Aderem A, Scriba TJ, Winter J, Walzl G, Zak DE9; Catalysis TB–Biomarker Consortium. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2017 Dec;107:48-58. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2017.08.004. Epub 2017 Aug 12.
Safety and Immunogenicity of Newborn MVA85A Vaccination and Selective, Delayed Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for Infants of HIV Infected Mothers: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial.
Nemes E, Hesseling AC, Tameris M, Mauff K, Downing K, Mulenga H, Rose P, van der Zalm M, Mbaba S, Van As D, Hanekom WA, Walzl G, Scriba TJ, McShane H, Hatherill M; MVA029 Study Team. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Sep 26. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix834.
Suitability of saliva for Tuberculosis diagnosis: comparing with serum.
Namuganga AR, Chegou NN, Mubiri P, Walzl G, Mayanja-Kizza H. BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Aug 31;17(1):600. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2687-z.
Optimization and Interpretation of Serial QuantiFERON Testing to Measure Acquisition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.
Nemes E, Rozot V, Geldenhuys H, Bilek N, Mabwe S, Abrahams D, Makhethe L, Erasmus M, Keyser A, Toefy A, Cloete Y, Ratangee F, Blauenfeldt T, Ruhwald M, Walzl G, Smith B, Loxton AG, Hanekom WA, Andrews JR, Lempicki MD, Ellis R, Ginsberg AM, Hatherill M, Scriba TJ; C-040-404 Study Team and the Adolescent Cohort Study Team. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017 Sep 1;196(5):638-648. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201704-0817OC.
Changes in Host Immune-Endocrine Relationships during Tuberculosis Treatment in Patients with Cured and Failed Treatment Outcomes.
Kleynhans L, Ruzive S, Ehlers L, Thiart L, Chegou NN, Conradie M, Kriel M, Stanley K, van der Spuy GD, Kidd M, van Helden PD, Walzl G, Ronacher K. Front Immunol. 2017 Jun 15;8:690. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00690. eCollection 2017.
Detection of a combination of serum IgG and IgA antibodies against selected mycobacterial targets provides promising diagnostic signatures for active TB.
Awoniyi DO, Baumann R, Chegou NN, Kriel B, Jacobs R, Kidd M, Loxton AG, Kaempfer S, Singh M, Walzl G. Oncotarget. 2017 Jun 6;8(23):37525-37537. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.16401.
Corrigendum: Persisting positron emission tomography lesion activity and Mycobacterium tuberculosis mRNA after tuberculosis cure.
Malherbe ST, Shenai S, Ronacher K, Loxton AG, Dolganov G, Kriel M, Van T, Chen RY, Warwick J, Via LE, Song T, Lee M, Schoolnik G, Tromp G, Alland D, Barry CE 3rd, Winter J, Walzl G; Catalysis TB–Biomarker Consortium. Nat Med. 2017 Apr 7;23(4):526. doi: 10.1038/nm0417-526a.
B-cells with a FasL expressing regulatory phenotype are induced following successful anti-tuberculosis treatment.
van Rensburg IC, Kleynhans L, Keyser A, Walzl G, Loxton AG. Immun Inflamm Dis. 2016 Dec 27;5(1):57-67. doi: 10.1002/iid3.140. eCollection 2017 Mar.
Re: "It May Be Too Early to Try to Prove the Effect of Deworming on Tuberculin Reactivity".
Van der Zalm MM, van Soelen N, Mandalakas AM, Jacobsen M, Detjen AK, Marx FM, Grewal HM, Cotton MF, WalzlG, Hesseling AC. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2017 Feb;36(2):241-242. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001408.
Cardiovascular risk and endothelial function in people living with HIV/AIDS: design of the multi-site, longitudinal EndoAfrica study in the Western Cape Province of South Africa.
Strijdom H, De Boever P, Walzl G, Essop MF, Nawrot TS, Webster I, Westcott C, Mashele N, Everson F, Malherbe ST, Stanley K, Kessler HH, Stelzl E, Goswami N. BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Jan 7;17(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-2158-y.
Safety and Immunogenicity of the Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine VPM1002 in HIV-Unexposed Newborn Infants in South Africa.
Loxton AG, Knaul JK, Grode L, Gutschmidt A, Meller C, Eisele B, Johnstone H, van der Spuy G, Maertzdorf J, Kaufmann SH, Hesseling AC, Walzl G, Cotton MF; VPM Study Group. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2017 Feb 6;24(2). pii: e00439-16. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00439-16.
High-throughput Identification of DNA-Encoded IgG Ligands that Distinguish Active and Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections.
Mendes KR, Malone ML, Ndungu JM, Suponitsky-Kroyter I, Cavett VJ, McEnaney PJ, MacConnell AB, Doran TM, Ronacher K, Stanley K, Utset O, Walzl G, Paegel BM, Kodadek T. ACS Chem Biol. 2017 Jan 20;12(1):234-243. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00855. Epub 2016 Dec 13.

2016

Phenotypically resembling myeloid derived suppressor cells are increased in children with HIV and exposed/infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Nelita Du Plessis, Ruschca Jacobs, Andrea Gutschmidt, Zhuo Fang, Paul D. van Helden, Manfred B. Lutz, Anneke C. Hesseling, Gerhard Walzl.Eur J Immunol. 2017 Jan;47(1):107-118
Successful TB treatment induces B-cells expressing FASL and IL5RA mRNA.
van Rensburg IC, Wagman C, Stanley K, Beltran C, Ronacher K, Walzl G, Loxton AG. Oncotarget. 2016 Sep 22. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.12184.
Persisting positron emission tomography lesion activity and Mycobacterium tuberculosis mRNA after tuberculosis cure.
Malherbe ST, Shenai S, Ronacher K, Loxton AG, Dolganov G, Kriel M, Van T, Chen RY, Warwick J, Via LE, Song T, Lee M, Schoolnik G, Tromp G, Alland D, Barry CE 3rd, Winter J, Walzl G; Catalysis TB–Biomarker Consortium, Lucas L, Spuy GV, Stanley K, Theart L, Smith B, Burger N, Beltran CG, Maasdorp E, Ellmann A, Choi H, Joh J, Dodd LE, Allwood B, Kogelenberg C, Vorster M, Griffith-Richards S. Nat Med. 2016 Sep 5. doi: 10.1038/nm.4177.
Characterization of progressive HIV-associated tuberculosis using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission and computed tomography.
Esmail H, Lai RP, Lesosky M, Wilkinson KA, Graham CM, Coussens AK, Oni T, Warwick JM, Said-Hartley Q, Koegelenberg CF, Walzl G, Flynn JL, Young DB, Barry Iii CE, O'Garra A, Wilkinson RJ. Nat Med. 2016 Sep 5. doi: 10.1038/nm.4161
Identification of novel host biomarkers in plasma as candidates for the immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis disease and monitoring of tuberculosis treatment response.
Jacobs R, Malherbe S, Loxton AG, Stanley K, van der Spuy G, Walzl G, Chegou NN. Oncotarget. 2016 Aug 19. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.11420.
Sputum is a surrogate for bronchoalveolar lavage for monitoring Mycobacterium tuberculosis transcriptional profiles in TB patients.
Garcia BJ, Loxton AG, Dolganov GM, Van TT, Davis JL, de Jong BC, Voskuil MI, Leach SM, Schoolnik GK, Walzl G, Strong M, Walter ND. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2016 Sep;100:89-94. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2016.07.004. Epub 2016 Jul 25.
Bacterial Loads Measured by the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay as Markers of Culture Conversion and Bacteriological Cure in Pulmonary TB.
Shenai S, Ronacher K, Malherbe S, Stanley K, Kriel M, Winter J, Peppard T, Barry CE, Wang J, Dodd LE, Via LE, Barry CE 3rd, Walzl G, Alland D. PLoS One. 2016 Aug 10;11(8):e0160062. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160062
Diagnostic Potential of Novel Salivary Host Biomarkers as Candidates for the Immunological Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Disease and Monitoring of Tuberculosis Treatment Response.
Jacobs R, Maasdorp E, Malherbe S, Loxton AG, Stanley K, van der Spuy G, Walzl G, Chegou NN. PLoS One. 2016 Aug 3;11(8):e0160546. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160546. eCollection 2016.
Phenotypic analysis of peripheral B cell populations during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease.
du Plessis WJ, Keyser A, Walzl G, Loxton AG. J Inflamm (Lond). 2016 Jul 29;13:23. doi: 10.1186/s12950-016-0133-4. eCollection 2016.
Evaluation of cytokine responses against novel Mtb antigens as diagnostic markers for TB disease.
Awoniyi DO, Teuchert A, Sutherland JS, Mayanja-Kizza H, Howe R, Mihret A, Loxton AG, Sheehama J, Kassa D, Crampin AC, Dockrell HM, Kidd M, Rosenkrands I, Geluk A, Ottenhoff TH, Corstjens PL, Chegou NN, Walzl G; AE-TBC Consortium. J Infect. 2016 Sep;73(3):219-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2016.04.036. Epub 2016 Jun 14.
Diagnostic performance of a seven-marker serum protein biosignature for the diagnosis of active TB disease in African primary healthcare clinic attendees with signs and symptoms suggestive of TB.
Chegou NN, Sutherland JS, Malherbe S, Crampin AC, Corstjens PL, Geluk A, Mayanja-Kizza H, Loxton AG, van der Spuy G, Stanley K, Kotzé LA, van der Vyver M, Rosenkrands I, Kidd M, van Helden PD, Dockrell HM, Ottenhoff TH, Kaufmann SH, Walzl G; AE-TBC consortium. Thorax. 2016 Sep;71(9):785-94. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207999. Epub 2016 May 4
Profiling persistent tubercule bacilli from patient sputa during therapy predicts early drug efficacy.
Honeyborne I, McHugh TD, Kuittinen I, Cichonska A, Evangelopoulos D, Ronacher K, van Helden PD, Gillespie SH, Fernandez-Reyes D, Walzl G, Rousu J, Butcher PD, Waddell SJ. BMC Med. 2016 Apr 7;14:68. doi: 10.1186/s12916-016-0609-3.
The Functional Response of B Cells to Antigenic Stimulation: A Preliminary Report of Latent Tuberculosis.
du Plessis WJ, Kleynhans L, du Plessis N, Stanley K, Malherbe ST, Maasdorp E, Ronacher K, Chegou NN, Walzl G, Loxton AG. PLoS One. 2016 Apr 6;11(4):e0152710. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152710. eCollection 2016.
A blood RNA signature for tuberculosis disease risk: a prospective cohort study.
Zak DE, Penn-Nicholson A, Scriba TJ, Thompson E, Suliman S, Amon LM, Mahomed H, Erasmus M, Whatney W, Hussey GD, Abrahams D, Kafaar F, Hawkridge T, Verver S, Hughes EJ, Ota M, Sutherland J, Howe R, Dockrell HM, Boom WH, Thiel B, Ottenhoff TH, Mayanja-Kizza H, Crampin AC, Downing K, Hatherill M, Valvo J, Shankar S, Parida SK, Kaufmann SH, Walzl G, Aderem A, Hanekom WA; ACS and GC6-74 cohort study groups. Lancet. 2016 Jun 4;387(10035):2312-22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01316-1. Epub 2016 Mar 24.
The Effect of Deworming on Tests of Tuberculosis Infection in Children With Recent Tuberculosis Exposure: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Van der Zalm MM, van Soelen N, Mandalakas AM, Jacobsen M, Detjen AK, Marx FM, Grewal HM, Cotton MF, Walzl G, Hesseling AC.
Host biomarkers detected in saliva show promise as markers for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis disease and monitoring of the response to tuberculosis treatment.
Jacobs R, Tshehla E, Malherbe S, Kriel M, Loxton AG, Stanley K, van der Spuy G, Walzl G, Chegou NN. Cytokine. 2016 May;81:50-6. doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2016.02.004. Epub 2016 Feb 13.
Use of lateral flow assays to determine IP-10 and CCL4 levels in pleural effusions and whole blood for TB diagnosis.
Sutherland JS, Mendy J, Gindeh A, Walzl G, Togun T, Owolabi O, Donkor S, Ota MO, Kon Fat ET, Ottenhoff TH, Geluk A, Corstjens PL. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2016 Jan;96:31-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2015.10.011. Epub 2015 Nov 14
B cells as multi-functional players during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease.
du Plessis WJ, Walzl G, Loxton AG. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2016 Mar;97:118-25. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2015.10.007. Epub 2015 Nov 3. Review.
QuantiFERON-TB performance enhanced by novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens.
Losi M, Knights AJ, Mariani F, Altieri AM, Paone G, Loxton AG, Chegou NN, Kenneth J, Alma MG, Colizzi V, Walzl G, Saltini C, Boyle J, Amicosante M. Eur Respir J. 2016 Feb;47(2):660-4. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01015-2015. Epub 2015 Nov 19.

2015

1. Jones C E, Hesseling A C, Tena-Coki N G, Scriba T J, Chegou N N, Kidd M, Wilkinson R J and Kampmann B. The impact of HIV exposure and maternal Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection on infant immune responses to bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination. AIDS (2015) 29:155-165.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25535752

2. Visser D H, Solomons R S, Ronacher K, van Well G T, Heymans M W, Walzl G, Chegou N N, Schoeman J F and van Furth A M.Host immune response to tuberculous meningitis. Clin. Infect. Dis. (2015) 60:177-187.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25301213

3. Mandalakas A M, Kirchner H L, Walzl G, R P, Schaaf H S, Cotton M F, Grewal H M S, and Hesseling A C. Optimizing the Detection of Recent Tuberculosis Infection in Children in a High TB-HIV Burden Setting. Am J Respir Crit Care Med (2015)191(7):820-30.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

4. Fang Z, van der Merwe R G, Warren R M, Schubert W-D, Gey van Pittius N C. Assessing the progress of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv structural genomics. Tuberculosis (2015) 95(2):131–6.

http://www.tuberculosisjourna…

5. Fang Z, Sampson S L, Warren R M, Gey van Pittius N C, Newton-Foot M. Iron acquisition strategies in mycobacteria. Tuberculosis (2015) 95(2):123–30.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

6. Axelsson-Robertson R, Rao M, Loxton AG, Walzl G, Bates M, Zumla A, Maeurer M. Frequency of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD8+ T-cells in the course of anti-tuberculosis treatment. Int J Infect Dis (2015) 32:23-9.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

7. Ronacher K, Joosten S, van Crevel R, Dockrell, H, Walzl G, Ottenhoff T. Acquired immunodeficiencies and tuberculosis: Focus on HIV/AIDS and Diabetes Mellitus. Immunological Reviews (2015) 264(1):121-37.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

8. Hesseling AC, Jaspan H B, Black GF, Nene N, Walzl G. Immunogenicity of BCG in HIV-exposed and non-exposed infants following routine birth or delayed vaccination. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis (2015) 19(4):454-62.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

9. Masson L, Passmore J A, Liebenberg L J, Werner L, Baxter C, Arnold K B, Williamson C, Little F, Mansoor L E, Naranbhai V, Lauffenburger D A, Ronacher K, Walzl G, Garrett N J, Williams B L, Couto-Rodriguez M, Hornig M, Lipkin W I, Grobler A, Karim Q A, Karim S S. Genital Inflammation and the Risk of HIV Acquisition in Women. Clin Infect Dis (2015)61(2):260-9.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

10. Van Rensburg I C, Loxton A G. Transcriptomics: the key to biomarker discovery during tuberculosis? Biomark Med (2015)9(5):483-95.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

11. Masson L, Salkinder A L, Olivier A J, McKinnon L R, Gamieldien H, Mlisana K, Scriba T J, Lewis D A, Little F, Jaspan H B, Ronacher K, Denny L, Abdool Karim S S, Passmore J S. Relationship between female genital tract infections, mucosal interleukin-17 production and local T helper type 17 cells. Immunology (2015). [In press]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26302175

12. Corstjens P L, Tjon Kon Fat E M, de Dood C J, van der Ploeg-van Schip J J, Franken K L, Chegou N N, Sutherland J S, Howe R, Mihret A, Kassa D, van der Vyver M, Sheehama J, Simukonda F, Mayanja-Kizza H, Ottenhoff T H, Walzl G, Geluk A; AE-TBC consortium. Multi-center evaluation of a user-friendly lateral flow assay to determine IP-10 and CCL4 levels in blood of TB and non-TB cases in Africa. Clin Biochem (2015). [In press]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

13. Baumann R, Kaempfer S, Chegou N N, Oehlmann W, Spallek R, Loxton A G, van HeldenP D, Black G F, Singh M, Walzl G. A subgroup of latently Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected individuals is characterized by consistently elevated IgA responses to several Mycobacterial antigens. Mediators Inflamm (2015). [In press]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

14.Esterhuyse MM, Weiner J 3rd, Caron E, Loxton AG, Iannaccone M, Wagman C, Saikali P, Stanley K, Wolski WE, Mollenkopf HJ, Schick M, Aebersold R, Linhart H, Walzl G, Kaufmann SH. Epigenetics and proteomics join transcriptomics in the quest for tuberculosis biomarkers. MBio (2015) 6(5).

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

15. Cliff J M, Cho J E, Lee J S, Ronacher K, King E C, van Helden P, Walzl G, Dockrell, H M. Excessive cytolytic responses predict tuberculosis relapse after apparently successful treatment. J Infect Dis. 2015. [In press]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

16. Nicol M P, Gnanashanmugam D, Browning R, Click E S, Cuevas L E, Detjen A, Graham S M, Levin M, Makhene M, Nahid P, Perez-Velez C M, Reither K, Song R, Spiegel H M, Worrell C, Zar H J, Walzl G. A blueprint to address research gaps in the development of biomarkers for pediatric tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2015 61(3):164-72.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

17. Kriel M, Lotz J W, Kidd M, Walzl G. Evaluation of a radiological severity score to predict treatment outcome in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015 19(11):1354-60.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…

18. Du Plessis WJ, Walzl G, Loxton AG. B cells as multi-functional players during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease. Tuberculosis. (2015) 15:1-8.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p…;

2014

1. Baumann R, Kaempfer S, Chegou N N, Oehlmann W, Loxton A G, Kaufmann S H E, van Helden P D, Black G F, Singh M and Walzl G. Serologic diagnosis of tuberculosis by combining Ig classes against selected mycobacterial targets. J. Infect. (2014) 69:581-589.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24968240

2. Salie M, van der Merwe L, Möller M, Daya M, van der Spuy G D, van Helden P D, Martin M P, Gao X-J, Warren R M, Carrington M and Hoal E G. Associations between human leukocyte antigen class I variants and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis subtypes causing disease. J. Infect. Dis. (2014) 209:216-223.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23945374

3. Olivier A J, Masson L, Ronacher K, Walzl G, Coetzee D, Lewis D A, Williamson A-L, Passmore J-A S and Burgers W A. Distinct Cytokine Patterns in Semen Influence Local HIV Shedding and HIV Target Cell Activation. J. Infect. Dis. (2014) 209:1174-1184.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24273175

4. Chegou N N, Heyckendorf J, Walzl G, Lange C and Ruhwald M. Beyond the IFN-γ horizon: biomarkers for immunodiagnosis of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eur. Respir. J. (2014) 43:1472-1486.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311770

5. Nel H J, du Plessis N, Kleynhans L, Loxton A G, van Helden P D and Walzl G. Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection severely delays Trichuris muris expulsion and co-infection suppresses immune responsiveness to both pathogens. BMC Microbiol. (2014) 14:9.

http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/14/9

6. Essone P N, Chegou N N, Loxton A G, Stanley K, Kriel M, van der Spuy G, Franken K L, Ottenhoff T H and Walzl G. Host cytokine responses induced after overnight stimulation with novel M. tuberculosis infection phase-dependent antigens show promise as diagnostic candidates for TB disease. PLoS ONE (2014) 9:e102584.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25025278

7. Essone P N, Kalsdorf B, Chegou N N, Loxton A G, Kriel M, Preyer R, Ernst M, Walzl G and Lange C. Bifunctional T-cell-derived cytokines for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and treatment monitoring. Respiration (2014) 88:251-261.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25171202

8. Katengua-Thamahane E, Marnewick J L, Ajuwon O R, Chegou N N, Szűcs G, Ferdinandy P�t, Csont T, Csonka C and Van Rooyen J. The combination of red palm oil and rooibos show anti-inflammatory effects in rats. J Inflamm (Lond) (2014) 11:41.

9. Kaufmann S H, Cotton M F, Eisele B, Gengenbacher M, Grode L, Hesseling A C and Walzl G. The BCG replacement vaccine VPM1002: from drawing board to clinical trial. Expert Rev Vaccines (2014) 13:619-630.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubme

d/24702486

. The temporal dynamics of relapse and reinfection tuberculosis after successful treatment: a retrospective cohort study. Clin. Infect. Dis. (2014) 58:1676-1683.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24647020

11. Masson L, Mlisana K, Little F, Werner L, Mkhize N N, Ronacher K, Gamieldien H, Williamson C, Mckinnon L R, Walzl G, Abdool Karim Q, Abdool Karim S S and Passmore J-A S. Defining genital tract cytokine signatures of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis in women at high risk of HIV infection: a cross-sectional study. Sex Transm Infect (2014) 90:580-587.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25107710

12. Mihret A, Loxton A G, Bekele Y, Kaufmann S H E, Kidd M, Haks M C, Ottenhoff T H M, Aseffa A, Howe R and Walzl G.Combination of gene expression patterns in whole blood discriminate between tuberculosis infection states. BMC Infect. Dis. (2014) 14:257.

www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/14/257

13. Mkhize-Kwitshana Z L, Mabaso M L and Walzl G. Proliferative capacity and cytokine production by cells of HIV-infected and uninfected adults with different helminth infection phenotypes in South Africa. BMC Infect. Dis. (2014) 14:499.

http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/14/499

14. Ota M O C, Mendy J F, Donkor S, Togun T, Daramy M, Gomez M P, Chegou N N, Sillah A K, Owolabi O, Kampmann B, Walzl G and Sutherland J S. Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis using ex vivo host biomarkers in sputum. Eur. Respir. J. (2014) 44:254-257.

http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2014/03/13/09031936.00209913.abstract

15. Streicher E M, Maharaj K, York T, Van Heerden C, Barnard M, Diacon A, Mendel C M, Bosman M E, Hepple J A, Pym A S, Warren R M and van Helden P D. Rapid sequencing of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis pncA gene for detection of pyrazinamide susceptibility. J. Clin. Microbiol. (2014) 52:4056-4057.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25165081

16. Sutherland J S, Loxton A G, Haks M C, Kassa D, Ambrose L, Lee J-S, Ran L, van Baarle D, Maertzdorf J, Howe R, Mayanja-Kizza H, Boom W H, Thiel B A, Crampin A C, Hanekom W, Ota M O C, Dockrell H, Walzl G, Kaufmann S H E, Ottenhoff T H M and GCGH Biomarkers for TB consortium . Differential gene expression of activating Fcγ receptor classifies active tuberculosis regardless of human immunodeficiency virus status or ethnicity. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. (2014) 20:O230-238.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24205913

2013

1. du Plessis N, Kleynhans L, Thiart L, van Helden P D, Brombacher F, Horsnell W G C and Walzl G. Acute helminth infection enhances early macrophage mediated control of mycobacterial infection. Mucosal Immunol (2013) 6:931-941.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23250274

2. Kleynhans L�a, Plessis N D, Allie N, Jacobs M, Kidd M, Helden P D v, Walzl G and Ronacher K. The Contraceptive Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Impairs Mycobacterial Control and Inhibits Cytokine Secretion in Mice Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect. Immun. (2013) 81:1234-1244.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23381991

3. Cobat A, Hoal E G, Gallant C J, Simkin L, Black G F, Stanley K, Jaïs J-P, Yu T-H, Boland-Auge A, Grange G, Delacourt C, Helden P v, Casanova J-L, Abel L, Alcaïs A and Schurr E. Identification of a Major Locus, TNF1, That Controls BCG-Triggered Tumor Necrosis Factor Production by Leukocytes in an Area Hyperendemic for Tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis. (2013) 57:963-970.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23800941

4. Cliff J M, Lee J-S, Constantinou N, Cho J-E, Clark T G, Ronacher K, King E C, Lukey P T, Duncan K, Helden P D V, Walzl G and Dockrell H M. Distinct Phases of Blood Gene Expression Pattern Through Tuberculosis Treatment Reflect Modulation of the Humoral Immune Response. J Infect Dis. (2013) 207:18-29.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22872737

5. Hemmings S MJ, Martin L I, Klopper M, van der Merwe L, Aitken L, de Wit E, Black G F, Hoal E G, Walzl G and Seedat S.BDNF Val66Met and DRD2 Taq1A polymorphisms interact to influence PTSD symptom severity: A preliminary investigation in a South African population. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (2013) 40:273-280.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23103549

6. Baumann R, Kaempfer S, Chegou N N, Nene N F, Veenstra H, Spallek R, Bolliger C T, Lukey P T, van Helden P D, Singh M and Walzl G. Serodiagnostic markers for the prediction of the outcome of intensive phase tuberculosis therapy. Tuberculosis (2013) 93:239-245.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23127778

7. Mihret A, Bekele Y, Bobosha K, Kidd M, Aseffa A, Howe R and Walzl G. Plasma cytokines and chemokines differentiate between active disease and non-active tuberculosis infection. Journal of Infection (2013) 66:357-365.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23178506

8. Chegou N N, Detjen A K, Thiart L, Walters E, Mandalakas A M, Hesseling A C and Walzl G. Utility of Host Markers Detected in Quantiferon Supernatants for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Children in a High-Burden Setting. PLoS ONE (2013) 8:e64226.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23691173

9. Axelsson-Robertson R, Loxton A G, Walzl G, Ehlers M M, Kock M M, Zumla A and Maeurer M. A broad profile of co-dominant epitopes shapes the peripheral Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific CD8+ T-cell immune response in South African patients with active tuberculosis. PLoS ONE (2013) 8:e58309.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23555576

10. Ayepola O R, Chegou N N, Brooks N L and Oguntibeju O O. Kolaviron, a Garcinia biflavonoid complex ameliorates hyperglycemia-mediated hepatic injury in rats via suppression of inflammatory responses. BMC Complement Altern Med (2013) 13:363.

http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/13/363

11. du Plessis N, Loebenberg L, Kriel M, von Groote-Bidlingmaier F, Ribechini E, Loxton A G, van Helden P D, Lutz M B and Walzl G. Increased frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells during active tuberculosis and after recent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection suppresses T-cell function. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (2013) 188:724-732.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23885784

12. Kleinsteuber K, Heesch K, Schattling S, Kohns M, Sander-Jülch C, Walzl G, Hesseling A, Mayatepek E, Fleischer B, Marx F M and Jacobsen M. Decreased expression of miR-21, miR-26a, miR-29a, and miR-142-3p in CD4⁺ T cells and peripheral blood from tuberculosis patients. PLoS ONE (2013) 8:e61609.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23613882

13. Mandalakas A M, van Wyk S, Kirchner H L, Walzl G, Cotton M, Rabie H, Kriel B, Gie R P, Schaaf H S and Hesseling A C.Detecting tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected children: a study of diagnostic accuracy, confounding and interaction. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. (2013) 32:e111-118..

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23190784

14. Phalane K G, Kriel M, Loxton A G, Menezes A, Stanley K, van der Spuy G D, Walzl G and Chegou N N. Differential expression of host biomarkers in saliva and serum samples from individuals with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Mediators Inflamm. (2013) 2013:981984.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24327799

15. Shenai S, Amisano D, Ronacher K, Kriel M, Banada P P, Song T, Lee M, Joh J S, Winter J, Thayer R, Via L E, Kim S, Barry C E 3, Walzl G and Alland D. Exploring alternative biomaterials for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-negative patients by use of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay. J. Clin. Microbiol. (2013) 51:4161-4166.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24108610

16. Sutherland J S, Lalor M K, Black G F, Ambrose L R, Loxton A G, Chegou N N, Kassa D, Mihret A, Howe R, Mayanja-Kizza H, Gomez M P, Donkor S, Franken K, Hanekom W, Klein M R, Parida S K, Boom W H, Thiel B A, Crampin A C, Ota M, Walzl G, Ottenhoff T H M, Dockrell H M, Kaufmann S H E and and the GCGH Biomarkers for TB consortium . Analysis of Host Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens in a Multi-Site Study of Subjects with Different TB and HIV Infection States in Sub-Saharan Africa. PLoS ONE (2013) 8:e74080.

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0074080

2012

1. Acute helminth infection enhances early macrophage mediated control of mycobacterial infection.

Du Plessis N, Kleynhans L, Thiart L, van Helden PD, Brombacher F, Horsnell WG, Walzl G. Mucosal Immunol. 2012 Dec 19

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23250274

2. Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from New Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Mihret A, Bekele Y, Loxton AG, Jordan AM, Yamuah L, Aseffa A, Howe R, Walzl G.Tuberc Res Treat. 2012;2012:892079. Epub 2012 Nov 22.

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/trt/2012/892079/

3. Detecting Tuberculosis Infection in HIV-Infected Children: A Study of Diagnostic Accuracy, Confounding and Interaction.

Mandalakas AM, van Wyk S, Kirchner HL, Walzl G, Cotton M, Rabie H, Kriel B, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Hesseling AC. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012 Nov 28.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23190784

4. Plasma cytokines and chemokines differentiate between active disease and non-active tuberculosis infection.

Mihret A, Bekele Y, Bobosha K, Kidd M, Aseffa A, Howe R, Walzl G. J Infect. 2012 Nov 20. doi:pii: S0163-4453(12)00339-8.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23178506

5. Serodiagnostic markers for the prediction of the outcome of intensive phase tuberculosis therapy.

Baumann R, Kaempfer S, Chegou NN, Nene NF, Veenstra H, Spallek R, Bolliger CT, Lukey PT, van Helden PD, Singh M, Walzl G. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2012 Nov 2

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23127778

6. BDNF Val66Met and DRD2 Taq1A polymorphisms interact to influence PTSD symptom severity: a preliminary investigation in a South African population.

Hemmings SM, Martin LI, Klopper M, van der Merwe L, Aitken L, de Wit E, Black GF, Hoal EG, Walzl G, Seedat S. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Jan 10;40:273-80

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23103549

7. Plasma Level of IL-4 Differs in Patients Infected with Different Modern Lineages of M. tuberculosis.

Mihret A, Bekele Y, Loxton AG, Aseffa A, Howe R, Walzl G. J Trop Med. 2012;2012:518564

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jtm/2012/518564/

8. Effect of Ascaris Lumbricoides specific IgE on tuberculin skin test responses in children in a high-burden setting: a cross-sectional community-based study.

Van Soelen N, Mandalakas AM, Kirchner HL, Walzl G, Grewal HM, Jacobsen M, Hesseling AC. BMC Infect Dis. 2012 Sep 11;12:211

http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/12/211

9. Biomarkers of inflammation, immunosuppression and stress with active disease are revealed by metabolomic profiling of tuberculosis patients.

Weiner J 3rd, Parida SK, Maertzdorf J, Black GF, Repsilber D, Telaar A, Mohney RP, Arndt-Sullivan C, Ganoza CA, Faé KC, Walzl G, Kaufmann SH. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e40221

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0040221

10. Detection and treatment of subclinical tuberculosis.

Robertson BD, Altmann D, Barry C, Bishai B, Cole S, Dick T, Duncan K, Dye C, Ehrt S, Esmail H, Flynn J, Hafner R, Handley G, Hanekom W, van Helden P, Kaplan G, Kaufmann SH, Kim P, Lienhardt C, Mizrahi V, Rubin E, Schnappinger D, Sherman D, Thole J, Vandal O, Walzl G, Warner D, Wilkinson R, Young D. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2012 Nov;92(6):447-52

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22819716

11. Potential of host markers produced by infection phase-dependent antigen-stimulated cells for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a highly endemic area.

Chegou NN, Essone PN, Loxton AG, Stanley K, Black GF, van der Spuy GD, van Helden PD, Franken KL, Parida SK, Klein MR, Kaufmann SH, Ottenhoff TH, Walzl G. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e38501

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0038501

12. Well-quantified tuberculosis exposure is a reliable surrogate measure of tuberculosis infection.

Mandalakas AM, Kirchner HL, Lombard C, Walzl G, Grewal HM, Gie RP, Hesseling AC. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2012 Aug;16(8):1033-9

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22692027

13. Development of a diagnostic gene expression assay for tuberculosis and its use under field conditions in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer).

Parsons SD, Menezes AM, Cooper D, Walzl G, Warren RM, van Helden PD. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2012 Aug 15;148(3-4):337-42

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22683147

14. Effect of standard tuberculosis treatment on plasma cytokine levels in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis.

Riou C, Perez Peixoto B, Roberts L, Ronacher K, Walzl G, Manca C, Rustomjee R, Mthiyane T, Fallows D, Gray CM, Kaplan G. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e36886

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0036886

15. Symptomatic vaginal discharge is a poor predictor of sexually transmitted infections and genital tract inflammation in high-risk women in South Africa.

Mlisana K, Naicker N, Werner L, Roberts L, van Loggerenberg F, Baxter C, Passmore JA, Grobler AC, Sturm AW, Williamson C, Ronacher K, Walzl G, Abdool Karim SS.

J Infect Dis. 2012 Jul 1;206(1):6-14

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22517910

16. Heparin-binding hemagglutinin induces IFN-γ(+) IL-2(+) IL-17(+) multifunctional CD4(+) T cells during latent but not active tuberculosis disease.

Loxton AG, Black GF, Stanley K, Walzl G. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2012 May;19(5):746-51

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22461525

17. Potential of novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection phase-dependent antigens in the diagnosis of TB disease in a high burden setting.

Chegou NN, Black GF, Loxton AG, Stanley K, Essone PN, Klein MR, Parida SK, Kaufmann SH, Doherty TM, Friggen AH, Franken KL, Ottenhoff TH, Walzl G. BMC Infect Dis. 2012 Jan 20;12:10

http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/12/10

18. Baseline predictors of sputum culture conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis: importance of cavities, smoking, time to detection and W-Beijing genotype.

Visser ME, Stead MC, Walzl G, Warren R, Schomaker M, Grewal HM, Swart EC, Maartens G. PLoS One. 2012;7(1)

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0029588

19. Genital tract inflammation during early HIV-1 infection predicts higher plasma viral load set point in women.

Roberts L, Passmore JA, Mlisana K, Williamson C, Little F, Bebell LM, Walzl G, Abrahams MR, Woodman Z, Abdool Karim Q, Abdool Karim SS. J Infect Dis. 2012 Jan 15;205(2):194-203

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22190580

2011

1. The influence of different helminth infection phenotypes on immune responses against HIV in co-infected adults in South Africa.

Mkhize-Kwitshana ZL, Taylor M, Jooste P, Mabaso ML, Walzl G. BMC Infect Dis. 2011 Oct 14;11:273. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-11-273

http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/11/273

2. Medroxyprogesterone acetate alters Mycobacterium bovis BCG-induced cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of contraceptive users.

Kleynhans L, Du Plessis N, Black GF, Loxton AG, Kidd M, van Helden PD, Walzl G, Ronacher K. PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e24639

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0024639

3. Molecular bacterial load assay, a culture-free biomarker for rapid and accurate quantification of sputum Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacillary load during treatment.

Honeyborne I, McHugh TD, Phillips PP, Bannoo S, Bateson A, Carroll N, Perrin FM, Ronacher K, Wright L, van Helden PD, Walzl G, Gillespie SH. J Clin Microbiol. 2011 Nov;49(11):3905

http://jcm.asm.org/content/early/2011/09/07/JCM.00547-11

4. Predominance of interleukin-22 over interleukin-17 at the site of disease in human tuberculosis.

Matthews K, Wilkinson KA, Kalsdorf B, Roberts T, Diacon A, Walzl G, Wolske J, Ntsekhe M, Syed F, Russell J, Mayosi BM, Dawson R, Dheda K, Wilkinson RJ, Hanekom WA, Scriba TJ. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2011 Nov;91(6):587-93

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21767990

5. Tuberculosis assays: past, present and future.

Chegou NN, Hoek KG, Kriel M, Warren RM, Victor TC, Walzl G. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2011 Apr;9(4):457-69

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21504402

6. Immunological biomarkers of tuberculosis.

Walzl G, Ronacher K, Hanekom W, Scriba TJ, Zumla A. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011 May;11(5):343-54

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21475309

7. The effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on treatment outcomes in pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized controlled trial.

Visser ME, Grewal HM, Swart EC, Dhansay MA, Walzl G, Swanevelder S, Lombard C, Maartens G. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Jan;93(1):93-100

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21068353

8. Human gene expression profiles of susceptibility and resistance in tuberculosis.

Maertzdorf J, Repsilber D, Parida SK, Stanley K, Roberts T, Black G, Walzl G, Kaufmann SH. Genes Immun. 2011 Jan;12(1):15-22

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20861863

9. Hypercytokinaemia accompanies HIV-tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

Tadokera R, Meintjes G, Skolimowska KH, Wilkinson KA, Matthews K, Seldon R, Chegou NN, Maartens G, Rangaka MX, Rebe K, Walzl G, Wilkinson RJ. Eur Respir J. 2011 May;37(5):1248-59

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20817712

10. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 is affected in T-cells from tuberculosisTB patients.

Jacobsen M, Repsilber D, Kleinsteuber K, Gutschmidt A, Schommer-Leitner S, Black G, Walzl G, Kaufmann SH. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011 Sep;17(9):1323-31

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20673263

2010

1. Challenges and perspectives for improved management of HIV/Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection.

Sester M, Giehl C, McNerney R, Kampmann B, Walzl G, Cuchí P, Wingfield C, Lange C, Migliori GB, Kritski AL, Meyerhans A; European Network for global cooperation in the field of AIDS and TB (EUCO-Net). Eur Respir J. 2010 Dec;36(6):1242-7

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21119204

2. Higher human CD4 T cell response to novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis latency associated antigens Rv2660 and Rv2659 in latent infection compared with tuberculosis disease.

Govender L, Abel B, Hughes EJ, Scriba TJ, Kagina BM, de Kock M, Walzl G, Black G, Rosenkrands I, Hussey GD, Mahomed H, Andersen P, Hanekom WA. Vaccine. 2010 Dec 10;29(1):51-7.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20974305

3. Biomarkers and diagnostics for tuberculosis: progress, needs, and translation into practice.

Wallis RS, Pai M, Menzies D, Doherty TM, Walzl G, Perkins MD, Zumla A. Lancet. 2010 May 29;375(9729):1920-37.

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2810%2960359-5/abstract

4. Interferon-gamma release assays for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children with cancer.

Stefan DC, Dippenaar A, Detjen AK, Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, Kriel B, Loebenberg L, Walzl G, Hesseling AC. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010 Jun;14(6):689-94.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20487605

5. Baseline sputum time to detection predicts month two culture conversion and relapse in non-HIV-infected patients.

Hesseling AC, Walzl G, Enarson DA, Carroll NM, Duncan K, Lukey PT, Lombard C, Donald PR, Lawrence KA, Gie RP, van Helden PD, Beyers N. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010 May;14(5):560-70.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20392348

5. Plasma cytokine levels during acute HIV-1 infection predict HIV disease progression.

Roberts L, Passmore JA, Williamson C, Little F, Bebell LM, Mlisana K, Burgers WA, van Loggerenberg F, Walzl G, Djoba Siawaya JF, Karim QA, Karim SS. AIDS. 2010 Mar 27;24(6):819-31.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20224308

6. Biomarker discovery in heterogeneous tissue samples -taking the in-silico deconfounding approach.

Repsilber D, Kern S, Telaar A, Walzl G, Black GF, Selbig J, Parida SK, Kaufmann SH, Jacobsen M. BMC Bioinformatics. 2010 Jan 14;11:27.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20070912

7. Direct comparison of the diagnostic yield of ultrasound-assisted Abrams and Tru-Cut needle biopsies for pleural tuberculosis.

Koegelenberg CF, Bolliger CT, Theron J, Walzl G, Wright CA, Louw M, Diacon AH. Thorax. 2010 Oct;65(10):857-62.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19996342

2009

1. Delaying BCG vaccination from birth to 10 weeks of age may result in an enhanced memory CD4 T cell response.

Kagina BM, Abel B, Bowmaker M, Scriba TJ, Gelderbloem S, Smit E, Erasmus M, Nene N, Walzl G, Black G, Hussey GD, Hesseling AC, Hanekom WA. Vaccine. 2009 Sep 4;27(40):5488-95.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19616494

2. Differential cytokine/chemokines and KL-6 profiles in patients with different forms of tuberculosis.

Djoba Siawaya JF, Chegou NN, van den Heuvel MM, Diacon AH, Beyers N, van Helden P, Walzl G. Cytokine. 2009 Aug;47(2):132-6.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19570688

3. Immunogenicity of novel DosR regulon-encoded candidate antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in three high-burden populations in Africa.

Black GF, Thiel BA, Ota MO, Parida SK, Adegbola R, Boom WH, Dockrell HM, Franken KL, Friggen AH, Hill PC, Klein MR, Lalor MK, Mayanja H, Schoolnik G, Stanley K, Weldingh K, Kaufmann SH, Walzl G, Ottenhoff TH; GCGH Biomarkers for TB Consortium. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009 Aug;16(8):1203-12

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19553548

4. Short-term reproducibility of a commercial interferon gamma release assay.

Detjen AK, Loebenberg L, Grewal HM, Stanley K, Gutschmidt A, Kruger C, Du Plessis N, Kidd M, Beyers N, Walzl G, Hesseling AC. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009 Aug;16(8):1170-5.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19535542

5. Host markers in QuantiFERON supernatants differentiate active TB from latent TB infection: preliminary report.

Chegou NN, Black GF, Kidd M, van Helden PD, Walzl G. BMC Pulm Med. 2009 May 16;9:21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19445695

6. Differential cytokine secretion and early treatment response in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Djoba Siawaya JF, Beyers N, van Helden P, Walzl G. Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 Apr;156(1):69-77.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2673743/

7. Pleural tuberculosis in patients with early HIV infection is associated with increased TNF-alpha expression and necrosis in granulomas.

Bezuidenhout J, Roberts T, Muller L, van Helden P, Walzl G. PLoS One. 2009;4(1):e4228

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0004228

8. Highly discordant T cell responses in individuals with recent exposure to household tuberculosis.

Hesseling AC, Mandalakas AM, Kirchner HL, Chegou NN, Marais BJ, Stanley K, Zhu X, Black G, Beyers N, Walzl G. Thorax. 2009 Oct;64(10):840-6.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18682523

2008

1. Biomarkers for TB treatment response: challenges and future strategies.

Walzl G, Ronacher K, Djoba Siawaya JF, Dockrell HM. J Infect. 2008 Aug;57(2):103-9

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18649943

2. An evaluation of commercial fluorescent bead-based luminex cytokine assays.

Djoba Siawaya JF, Roberts T, Babb C, Black G, Golakai HJ, Stanley K, Bapela NB, Hoal E, Parida S, van Helden P, Walzl G.PLoS One. 2008 Jul 2;3(7):e2535.

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0002535

3. Differential expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-4 delta 2 mRNA, but not transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), TGF-beta RII, Foxp3, gamma interferon, T-bet, or GATA-3 mRNA, in patients with fast and slow responses to antituberculosis treatment.

Djoba Siawaya JF, Bapela NB, Ronacher K, Beyers N, van Helden P, Walzl G. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008 Aug;15(8):1165-70.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18579694

4. Evaluation of adapted whole-blood interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis.

Chegou NN, Walzl G, Bolliger CT, Diacon AH, van den Heuvel MM. Respiration. 2008;76(2):131-8

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18434705

5. High level of discordant IGRA results in HIV-infected adults and children.

Mandalakas AM, Hesseling AC, Chegou NN, Kirchner HL, Zhu X, Marais BJ, Black GF, Beyers N, Walzl G. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2008 Apr;12(4):417-23.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18371268

6. Immune parameters as markers of tuberculosis extent of disease and early prediction of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy response.

Djoba Siawaya JF, Bapela NB, Ronacher K, Veenstra H, Kidd M, Gie R, Beyers N, van Helden P, Walzl G. J Infect. 2008 May;56(5):340-7.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18359089

7. Distinct, specific IL-17- and IL-22-producing CD4+ T cell subsets contribute to the human anti-mycobacterial immune response.

Scriba TJ, Kalsdorf B, Abrahams DA, Isaacs F, Hofmeister J, Black G, Hassan HY, Wilkinson RJ, Walzl G, Gelderbloem SJ, Mahomed H, Hussey GD, Hanekom WA. J Immunol. 2008 Feb 1;180(3):1962-70.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18209095

8. High levels of intracellular IL-4 are expressed in circulating apoptotic T cells in patients with tuberculosis and in community controls.

Veenstra H, Baumann R, Lukey PT, Beyers N, van Helden PD, Walzl G. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2008 Jan;88(1):21-30.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17977794

2007

1. Changes in the kinetics of intracellular IFN-gamma production in TB patients during treatment.

Veenstra H, Crous I, Brahmbhatt S, Lukey P, Beyers N, van Helden PD, Walzl G. Clin Immunol. 2007 Sep;124(3):336-44.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17616440

2. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and sputum conversion time in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Babb C, van der Merwe L, Beyers N, Pheiffer C, Walzl G, Duncan K, van Helden P, Hoal EG. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2007 Jul;87(4):295-302

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17449323

3. Correlates for disease progression and prognosis during concurrent HIV/TB infection.

Djoba Siawaya JF, Ruhwald M, Eugen-Olsen J, Walzl G. Int J Infect Dis. 2007 Jul;11(4):289-99.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446108

4. Immunosuppression during active tuberculosis is characterized by decreased interferon- gamma production and CD25 expression with elevated forkhead box P3, transforming growth factor- beta , and interleukin-4 mRNA levels.

Roberts T, Beyers N, Aguirre A, Walzl G. J Infect Dis. 2007 Mar 15;195(6):870-8.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17299718

2006

1. TB epidemiology and human genetics.

van Helden PD, Möller M, Babb C, Warren R, Walzl G, Uys P, Hoal E. Novartis Found Symp. 2006;279:17-31; discussion 31-41, 216-9. Review.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17278383

2. Antimicrobial resistance in tuberculosis: an international perspective.

van Helden PD, Donald PR, Victor TC, Schaaf HS, Hoal EG, Walzl G, Warren RM. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2006 Oct;4(5):759-66. Review.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17140353

3. Immune markers measured before treatment predict outcome of intensive phase tuberculosis therapy.

Brahmbhatt S, Black GF, Carroll NM, Beyers N, Salker F, Kidd M, Lukey PT, Duncan K, van Helden P, Walzl G. Clin Exp Immunol. 2006 Nov;146(2):243-52.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17034576

4. Changes in leucocyte and lymphocyte subsets during tuberculosis treatment; prominence of CD3dimCD56+ natural killer T cells in fast treatment responders.

Veenstra H, Baumann R, Carroll NM, Lukey PT, Kidd M, Beyers N, Bolliger CT, van Helden PD, Walzl G. Clin Exp Immunol. 2006 Aug;145(2):252-60.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16879244

5. Role of CCL5 (RANTES) in viral lung disease.

Culley FJ, Pennycook AM, Tregoning JS, Dodd JS, Walzl G, Wells TN, Hussell T, Openshaw PJ. J Virol. 2006 Aug;80(16):8151-7.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16873271

6. Recall of intestinal helminthiasis by HIV-infected South Africans and avoidance of possible misinterpretation of egg excretion in worm/HIV co-infection analyses.

Adams VJ, Markus MB, Kwitshana ZL, Dhansay MA, van der Merwe L, Walzl G, Fincham JE. BMC Infect Dis. 2006 May 26;6:88.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16725057